lingkungan

Lingkungan is an Indonesian noun that refers to the surrounding environment or the spaces and people around a person or thing. It has a broad scope, encompassing natural surroundings, built settings, and social or cultural contexts. The term can denote both physical areas—such as the environment around a residence—and the social fabric in which individuals live and interact.

The concept of lingkungan is used in various senses. It can describe natural or ecological surroundings, as in lingkungan hidup (the living environment) and environmental quality. It can also refer to human-made or social spaces, such as lingkungan kerja (work environment), lingkungan sekolah (school environment), or lingkungan keluarga (family environment). In everyday language, it often points to the immediate surroundings, such as the lingkungan sekitar (the surrounding area) or lingkungan tempat tinggal (the living environment).

In policy and planning, the term appears in discussions of environmental protection, urban development, and public health. Phrases like perlindungan lingkungan (environmental protection) and peningkatan kualitas lingkungan (improvement of environmental quality) signal a focus on the conditions that influence people’s well-being. The concept supports initiatives aimed at sustainable living, resilience, and equitable access to clean air, water, and safe spaces.

Overall, lingkungan denotes the broad spectrum of factors—natural, physical, social, and cultural—that shape daily life and well-being. Its usage spans everyday speech and formal policy, reflecting its central role in Indonesian discourse.