lexikológia

Lexikológia is a branch of linguistics that studies the vocabulary of a language. It examines words as fundamental units of meaning, exploring their origin, development, structure, and usage. Lexicologists investigate the relationships between words, such as synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms, and analyze how new words are formed through processes like derivation, compounding, and borrowing.

The study of lexicology also delves into the semantic fields of words, understanding how their meanings are organized and how they change over time. It considers the etymology of words, tracing their historical roots and evolution. Furthermore, lexicology looks at the pragmatic aspects of word use, including how context influences meaning and how words are employed in different social situations.

Lexicologists often collaborate with lexicographers, who are responsible for compiling dictionaries. While lexicology provides the theoretical framework for understanding vocabulary, lexicography applies this knowledge to practical applications like dictionary creation. The ultimate goal of lexicology is to gain a comprehensive understanding of a language's word stock and its dynamic nature.