kyynärnivelissä

Kyynärnivelissä, or elbow joints, are complex articulations in the human arm that connect the upper arm bone (humerus) to the two forearm bones (radius and ulna). This structure allows for a wide range of motion, including flexion (bending) and extension (straightening) of the arm, as well as pronation and supination of the forearm, which involve rotating the palm downwards and upwards, respectively. The elbow joint is a hinge joint, primarily responsible for flexion and extension, while the articulation between the radius and ulna contributes to the rotational movements.

The joint is surrounded by a capsule and reinforced by ligaments that provide stability. Key ligaments include the ulnar collateral ligament on the medial side and the radial collateral ligament on the lateral side. Muscles and tendons also play a crucial role in the function and stability of the elbow. The biceps brachii muscle primarily flexes the elbow, while the triceps brachii muscle extends it. The muscles of the forearm are responsible for pronation and supination.

Common issues affecting the elbow joint can include sprains, fractures, dislocations, and inflammatory conditions like tendinitis (e.g., tennis elbow and golfer's elbow). These conditions can cause pain, swelling, and limited mobility. The elbow joint's intricate design allows for essential upper limb functionality, making it vital for everyday activities.