kylmällä

Kylmällä is the adessive singular form of the Finnish adjective kylmä, meaning cold. It is used to express location on or at a surface or to describe the state or manner in which something is done, when combined with a noun in the adessive case. The suffix -llä marks the adessive.

In practice, kylmällä occurs with nouns in adessive to indicate that the surface or thing described is cold. Examples include phrases like kylmällä pöydällä (on a cold table) and kylmällä tuolilla (on a cold chair). It also appears in adverbial expressions that describe manner, often with words such as tapa or tavalla: kylmällä tavalla (in a cold manner), kylmällä katseella (with a cold gaze). For plural references, the corresponding form is kylmillä: kylmillä pöydillä (on cold tables), kylmillä tavoilla (in cold manners).

Etymology and morphology: kylmällä is formed from the stem kylmä plus the adessive suffix -llä, consistent with Finnish inflection rules. It does not have a separate lexical meaning beyond “cold,” but it functions as the grammatical form needed for adessive phrases.

See also: Finnish grammar; Adessive case; Kylmä.