kutsuma

Kutsuma is an Estonian verb meaning to invite or to summon someone to participate in an event or activity. It is transitive, and its infinitive form is kutsuma. The verb is commonly used to arrange visits, gatherings, or formal invitations, for example: Ma kutsun sõpru külla. Ta kutsus mind pidulikule üritusele.

In the present tense kutsuma follows the standard Estonian verb endings: kutsun, kutsud, kutsub; kutsume, kutsute, kutsuvad. The past tense forms follow the regular pattern for -ma verbs, with examples such as kutsusin and kutsusime. The past participle is kutsunud, which is used with olema to form perfect tenses, for example: Olen kutsunud palju külalisi.

Usage notes: kutsuma is used for both informal invitations and more formal calls to attend an event or to join a group. It can also carry a sense of summoning in official or ceremonial language. In written Estonian, phrases like kutsuma üritusele or kutsuma külalisi are common in invitations and notices.

Etymology and related forms: kutsuma is cognate with the Finnish kutsua and with other Finnic-language verbs meaning “to call” or “to invite.” The word develops from Proto-Finnic roots shared across the language family.

See also: invitation, Estonian language, Finnish language, kutsuda (related verb form).