kuormantunnistusta

Kuormantunnistus, often translated as load sensing, is a hydraulic control system principle used to efficiently manage power in hydraulic circuits. Its primary function is to ensure that the hydraulic pump supplies only the amount of hydraulic fluid and pressure required by the active loads in the system at any given moment. This contrasts with conventional fixed-displacement pumps that deliver a constant flow rate, regardless of actual demand, leading to energy waste.

In a load-sensing system, a sensing line continuously monitors the highest pressure demand from the actuators. This pressure signal is fed back to the pump's control mechanism. The pump then adjusts its output flow and/or pressure to match this demand, plus a small, fixed margin (often called the "standby margin" or "pressure override"). This precise matching of supply to demand significantly reduces energy consumption, as the pump does not need to work at maximum capacity when only light loads are present.

The benefits of load sensing include improved fuel efficiency in mobile equipment, reduced heat generation in the hydraulic fluid, and quieter operation due to less unnecessary pump activity. It also allows for more precise control of actuator speeds and forces. Load-sensing systems are widely implemented in construction machinery, agricultural equipment, material handling vehicles, and other applications where hydraulic power is used and efficiency is a key consideration. The system typically involves a load-sensing pump, directional control valves with load-sensing capabilities, and the necessary sensing lines.