krüoprotektante

Krüoprotektante, also known as cryoprotective agents or cryoprotectants, are substances used to protect biological tissues and cells from damage during freezing. They work by reducing the formation of ice crystals, which can puncture cell membranes and disrupt cellular functions. Additionally, krüoprotektante can help lower the freezing point of water, allowing for vitrification, a process where water solidifies into a glass-like amorphous state rather than crystalline ice.

Common krüoprotektante include glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and ethylene glycol. These are typically used in solutions that are gradually introduced to the biological material before freezing. The concentration and type of krüoprotektante are critical and depend on the specific cell or tissue being preserved. High concentrations can be toxic, so a balance must be struck between cryoprotection and cellular viability.

The application of krüoprotektante is vital in various fields, including cryobiology, cryopreservation of cells for research and medical purposes (such as stem cells and embryos), and organ transplantation. Their ability to mitigate freezing injury is a cornerstone of modern cryopreservation techniques, enabling the long-term storage and transport of biological materials. Research continues to explore new and more effective krüoprotektante to improve survival rates and reduce toxicity.