konduktans

Konduktans is the term used in Turkish and several other languages for conductance, a measure of how easily electric current flows through a conductor or component. It is defined as the reciprocal of electrical resistance, G = 1/R, and its SI unit is the siemens (S).

For a homogeneous conductor with conductivity σ, cross-sectional area A, and length L, the conductance is G = σ A / L. Conductivity σ is a material property that depends on temperature, impurity concentration, and charge-carrier density. In metals, conductivity typically decreases with increasing temperature, while in semiconductors it depends strongly on doping and temperature.

In circuit analysis, conductance is the real part of the admittance Y, which relates current to voltage in the frequency domain. The admittance is written as Y = G + jB, where B is the susceptance due to capacitive and inductive effects. At direct current (DC), the reactive part vanishes (B = 0) and Y reduces to G.

When combining components, conductances add in parallel: G_total = Σ G_i. In series configurations, total conductance is the reciprocal of the sum of reciprocals of individual resistances, since R_total = Σ R_i and G_total = 1/R_total.

Konduktans is closely related to the broader concepts of conductivity (a material property with units of siemens per meter) and to impedance in AC circuits. It is a fundamental parameter for predicting currents, power dissipation, and signal integrity in electrical systems, and it is widely used in engineering, physics, and materials science.