kompaktráció

Kompaktáció, sometimes written kompaktráció in some contexts, is a process in which a material or mixture is reduced in volume and its density increased through the application of energy, typically mechanical pressure, vibration, or heat. The primary aim is to decrease porosity and improve properties such as strength, stiffness, or stability.

Usage and field: In materials science and manufacturing, kompaktáció is used to form powders into shaped bodies, as in tablet pressing, ceramic production, and powder metallurgy. In civil engineering and geotechnics, soil compaction increases bearing capacity and reduces settlement by rearranging soil grains and expelling air.

Common methods include uniaxial or isostatic pressing, hot isostatic pressing, vibrocompaction, and roller pressing; in soils the Standard Proctor and Modified Proctor tests measure the relationship between moisture content and dry density to assess compaction potential.

Compaction affects properties such as bulk density, porosity, permeability, and mechanical strength. While higher density typically increases strength and decreases permeability, over-compaction can induce cracks, reduce toughness, or trap moisture.

Other applications include waste handling (densifying waste in containers), ceramics, and certain metalworking processes where compacted powders are later sintered to form dense solid components.