kiukkuinen

Kiukkuinen is a Finnish adjective meaning angry, irritable, or in a bad mood. It describes a person, an animal, or a mood that shows temper and irritability. The sense can range from mild sulkiness to more pronounced anger, and it is often used to indicate a temporary state rather than a permanent trait.

Etymology and form: Kiukkuinen derives from kiukku, a noun meaning temper or fit of anger. The suffix -nen forms adjectives meaning “having” or “characterized by.” Thus kiukkuinen roughly translates to “having a temper” or “temperamental.”

Usage and nuances: Kiukkuinen conveys a notion of irritability and is commonly used in everyday language. It is somewhat stronger than simple surullinen (sad) or pahoillaan?; but not as strong as vihainen (angry) in intensity. The adverb form is kiukkuisesti; related nouns include kiukku and kiukkuus, referring to irritability or a peevish mood.

Examples: Hän on kiukkuinen aamulla. Lapsi on kiukkuinen, kun hänen leikkinsä epäonnistuu. Hän vastasi kiukkuisesti, kun kysyttiin myöhästymisestä.