kimikë

Kimikë is the science that studies matter and the changes it undergoes. It investigates the composition, structure, properties, and transformations of substances, from atoms and molecules to complex materials. Chemists seek to understand how substances interact, how energy is exchanged in chemical reactions, and how new compounds can be designed and synthesized for practical use. In Albanian, kimikë is the term used for chemistry.

Historically, kimikë emerged from ancient and medieval alchemy and matured into a formal science during the 17th through 19th centuries. Key milestones include the development of quantitative methods, the law of conservation of mass, John Dalton’s atomic theory, and Dmitri Mendeleev’s periodic table. Advances in spectroscopy, chromatography, and quantum theory further deepened understanding of matter.

Fields within kimikë include organic chemistry (carbon-containing compounds), inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry (thermodynamics, kinetics, quantum chemistry), analytical chemistry (identification and measurement), biochemistry, materials chemistry, and environmental chemistry. Methods span spectroscopy, chromatography, electrochemistry, crystallography, and microscopy, complemented by computational modeling and simulations.

Applications of kimikë span medicine, energy, materials science, agriculture, and environmental protection. They include drug development, fuel and battery technologies, polymers and coatings, catalysts for industrial processes, and analytical sensors. The discipline also underpins quality control, safety testing, and the sustainable synthesis of chemicals.

Overall, kimikë seeks to explain how matter behaves at the molecular level and to translate that understanding into useful technologies, products, and insights about the natural world.