kiirgusspektrites

Kiirgusspektrites, a term derived from Estonian, refers to emission spectra. An emission spectrum is a set of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation that are emitted by a particular element or molecule. When atoms or molecules are excited, for example, by heating or by passing an electric current through them, their electrons absorb energy and jump to higher energy levels. As these electrons return to their lower, more stable energy levels, they release the excess energy in the form of photons. The energy of these photons, and thus their wavelength, is specific to the energy difference between the electron's energy levels.

Each element has a unique emission spectrum, often described as its "fingerprint." This is because the arrangement of electrons and their allowed energy levels are unique to each element. For instance, the emission spectrum of hydrogen consists of a series of discrete lines in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared regions. These spectral lines are a fundamental tool in spectroscopy, the scientific study of how matter interacts with or emits electromagnetic radiation. By analyzing the wavelengths of light emitted, scientists can identify the composition of substances, study the properties of stars and other celestial objects, and understand chemical reactions. Different states of matter, such as gases, liquids, and solids, also exhibit emission spectra, though they can differ in their characteristics.