kiinteistönmuodostuksen

Kiinteistönmuodostus refers to the legal and administrative process in Finland for creating, dividing, combining, or modifying real estate boundaries. It is a fundamental aspect of land ownership and management, ensuring that property rights are clearly defined and legally recognized. The process is governed by specific legislation, primarily the Real Estate Formation Act (Kiinteistönmuodostamislaki).

The main types of kiinteistönmuodostus include lohkominen (subdivision), yhdistäminen (consolidation), and erottaminen (separation). Lohkominen is used to divide a larger parcel of land into smaller, independent properties. Yhdistäminen combines two or more adjacent properties into a single, larger parcel. Erottaminen is a less common procedure that can be used in specific circumstances to separate a part of a property without necessarily creating a fully independent new property in the same way as lohkominen.

The process typically begins with an application submitted to the local Real Estate Formation Authority (Maankäyttö- ja rakennusvalvonta, though historically this was handled by land registration offices). The authority then assesses the application based on legal requirements, zoning regulations, and technical feasibility. If approved, a surveyor is appointed to perform the necessary measurements and prepare official documents, including maps and legal descriptions of the new or modified properties.

The final stage involves the registration of the new property information in the Cadastral Register (Kiinteistörekisteri), making the changes legally binding and public. Kiinteistönmuodostus is essential for transactions such as selling, mortgaging, or developing land, as it provides the legal basis for these activities. It also plays a role in urban planning and infrastructure development by ensuring land parcels are appropriately sized and shaped.