kibocsátáskereskedelemmel

Kibocsátáskereskedelem, often translated as emissions trading or cap-and-trade, is a market-based approach to controlling pollution. It establishes a limit, or cap, on the total amount of a specific pollutant that can be emitted by a group of sources, such as industrial facilities or entire countries. Within this cap, allowances to emit are issued, and these allowances can be bought and sold among the regulated entities.

The core principle is that companies that can reduce their emissions cheaply will do so and sell their excess allowances to companies that find it more expensive to reduce emissions. This creates a financial incentive for polluters to find the most cost-effective ways to lower their emissions. If a company emits less than its allocated allowances, it can sell the surplus to another company that exceeds its limit. Conversely, if a company emits more than its allowances, it must purchase additional allowances from the market or face penalties.

The effectiveness of emissions trading relies on setting an appropriate emissions cap that declines over time, thereby driving down overall pollution levels. The trading mechanism allows for flexibility and efficiency in achieving these environmental goals, as reductions occur where they are cheapest. This system is widely used to manage greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide, and has been implemented in various regions and international agreements.