ketohydroryhmä

The term "ketohydroryhmä" is the Finnish word for the keto-enol tautomerism functional group. This phenomenon involves the interconversion of two isomers of an organic compound. One isomer, the keto form, contains a carbonyl group (C=O). The other isomer, the enol form, contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). This interconversion, known as tautomerism, is a type of constitutional isomerism where the isomers differ in the position of a hydrogen atom and a double bond. The equilibrium between the keto and enol forms is typically favored towards the keto form, especially for simple aldehydes and ketones, due to the greater stability of the carbonyl group compared to the enol group. However, the presence of certain substituents can shift the equilibrium towards the enol form. This tautomerism is a fundamental concept in organic chemistry, playing a crucial role in many reaction mechanisms, including nucleophilic additions to carbonyls, electrophilic substitution reactions at the alpha-carbon, and the formation of enolates. The term "ketohydroryhmä" specifically refers to this dynamic functional group and its associated chemical behavior in Finnish chemical literature.