keresletfüggvény

A keresletfüggvény, in economics, is a mathematical representation that illustrates the relationship between the price of a good or service and the quantity demanded by consumers. It is typically depicted as a downward-sloping curve on a graph, where the vertical axis represents price and the horizontal axis represents quantity. This downward slope signifies the law of demand, which states that as the price of a good increases, the quantity demanded generally decreases, assuming all other factors remain constant.

The keresletfüggvény can be expressed in various forms, but a common representation is a linear equation such as Qd = a - bP, where Qd is the quantity demanded, P is the price, 'a' represents the quantity demanded when the price is zero (the intercept), and 'b' represents the sensitivity of quantity demanded to changes in price (the slope). Non-linear functions are also used to capture more complex demand behaviors.

Factors other than price can also influence demand and are often incorporated as variables or shifts in the demand curve. These include consumer income, the prices of related goods (substitutes and complements), consumer tastes and preferences, expectations about future prices or income, and the size of the population. When these factors change, the entire demand curve shifts, indicating a change in demand at every price level. Understanding the keresletfüggvény is fundamental for businesses in pricing strategies and for policymakers in analyzing market behavior and designing economic policies.