keeruliste

Keeruliste is the genitive plural form of the Estonian adjective keeruline, which means complex, complicated, or difficult. In Estonian, adjectives decline to agree with the noun in case and number, so the genitive plural form of keeruline is keeruliste. This form is used to describe nouns that are in the genitive plural or to compose attributive phrases in which the head noun requires a genitive plural modifier. Examples include keeruliste probleemide lahendamine (solving of complex problems), keeruliste olukordade hindamine (assessment of complex situations), and keeruliste seaduste rakendamine (implementation of complex laws).

Keeruliste is commonly found in formal or technical language, such as academic writing, policy documents, and journalism, where it helps convey that issues or processes involve multiple, interrelated factors. The word itself is native Estonian and functions as a regular part of adjective agreement within noun phrases; it does not indicate a specific entity beyond describing the complexity of the referenced noun.

Etymologically, keeruline is a standard Estonian adjective meaning complex, and keeruliste is its inflected genitive plural form. The usage pattern mirrors other Estonian adjectives that modify plural nouns in genitive, reinforcing the language’s flexible system of case-based agreement.