kartöfluræktun

Kartöfluræktun is the Icelandic term for potato cultivation. Potatoes are a staple crop in Iceland, adapted to the country's cool climate and short growing season. The cultivation of potatoes in Iceland has a long history, with the crop being introduced in the 18th century.

The process typically begins with planting seed potatoes in the spring, after the risk of frost has passed. Potatoes prefer well-drained soil and benefit from fertile ground. Farmers often amend their soil with compost or manure to improve its quality. The planting depth and spacing are crucial for optimal tuber development.

During the growing season, weeds are managed, and the plants are often "hilled" or earthed up. This involves drawing soil around the base of the potato plants. Hilling protects developing tubers from sunlight, preventing them from turning green and producing solanine, a toxic compound. It also encourages more tuber formation along the buried stem.

Harvesting usually takes place in late summer or early autumn, before the first heavy frosts. The timing depends on the variety of potato and local weather conditions. The tubers are carefully dug up, typically by hand or with specialized machinery, and then allowed to dry before storage. Proper storage is essential to prevent spoilage and maintain quality through the winter months. Varieties grown in Iceland are often selected for their ability to mature quickly and withstand cooler temperatures.