karbonyyyliryhmä

Karbonyyliryhmä is the Finnish term for the carbonyl group, a functional group in organic chemistry. It consists of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. This structure is represented by the formula C=O. The carbonyl group is a key feature in several important classes of organic compounds, including aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides.

The polarity of the C=O bond, with oxygen being more electronegative than carbon, makes the carbon atom electrophilic and susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This reactivity is central to many organic reactions. For example, aldehydes and ketones undergo nucleophilic addition reactions. Carboxylic acids and their derivatives, such as esters and amides, also contain the carbonyl group, but its reactivity is modified by the presence of other atoms or groups attached to the carbon. The physical properties of compounds containing carbonyl groups are also influenced by this functional group, often leading to higher boiling points due to dipole-dipole interactions. The carbonyl group is fundamental to the structure and behavior of a vast array of organic molecules.