karboksybiotiini

Karboksybiotiini, also known as carboxybiotin or biotin carboxylase, is an essential cofactor involved in various biochemical processes within the human body. It is a derivative of biotin (vitamin B7), playing a crucial role in fatty acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis. While biotin itself is well-known for its importance in maintaining healthy skin, hair, and nails, carboxybiotin functions primarily as a coenzyme in enzymatic reactions.

Carboxybiotin is generated from biotin through a carboxylation process, where a carboxyl group (COOH) is added to the biotin molecule. This modified form is particularly significant in the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the first committed step in fatty acid biosynthesis. The enzyme biotin carboxyl carrier protein domain (BCCP) binds carboxybiotin, facilitating the transfer of a carboxyl group to acetyl-CoA, forming malonyl-CoA, a precursor for fatty acid chains.

In addition to its role in lipid metabolism, carboxybiotin is involved in the regulation of glucose production through gluconeogenesis, where it aids in the carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. This process is vital for maintaining blood glucose levels, especially during periods of fasting or between meals.

While carboxybiotin itself is not commonly supplemented directly, biotin-rich foods or biotin supplements ensure adequate levels of the vitamin to support its conversion into the active carboxybiotin form. Deficiencies in biotin can impair these metabolic pathways, potentially leading to symptoms such as fatigue, hair loss, and skin disorders. Research continues to explore the broader implications of carboxybiotin in metabolic health and its potential therapeutic applications.