karbamátcsoport

The karbamátcsoport, also known as the carbamate group, is a functional group in organic chemistry with the general formula R2NCOOR'. It is an ester of carbamic acid. The carbamate group can be thought of as a derivative of a carboxylic acid where the hydroxyl group is replaced by an amino group, or as a derivative of an amine where one hydrogen atom is replaced by an alkoxycarbonyl group.

Carbamates are characterized by a carbonyl group bonded to both a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom. The nitrogen atom can be part of an amine (primary or secondary), and the oxygen atom is part of an ester linkage. The general structure can be represented as R2N-C(=O)-OR', where R and R' can be hydrogen, alkyl, or aryl groups.

This functional group is important in biochemistry, where it appears in the amino acid glycine as a component of the peptide bond, and in certain neurotransmitters. In synthetic organic chemistry, carbamates are frequently used as protecting groups for amines due to their stability under a variety of reaction conditions and their relatively easy removal. They are also the core structure of many important pharmaceuticals and pesticides, such as the carbamate insecticides which function by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.