kapszulotómia

Kapszulotómia, a term originating from Hungarian, refers to a surgical procedure involving an incision or opening made into a capsule. This capsule can be a natural anatomical structure, such as the lens capsule in the eye, or an artificial implant. The specific purpose and location of the capsulotomy dictate the technique and instruments used.

In ophthalmology, a common application is capsulotomy of the posterior lens capsule, often performed after cataract surgery. This procedure, known as posterior capsulotomy, addresses a condition called posterior capsule opacification (PCO), where the cloudy membrane behind the artificial lens becomes opaque, impairing vision. A YAG laser is typically used to create a precise opening in the opacified capsule, restoring clarity.

Beyond ophthalmology, the term might be used more broadly to describe the opening of any fibrous sac or capsule. For instance, it could refer to procedures involving joint capsules or other bodily structures. The intent is generally to relieve pressure, provide access for further treatment, or remove an obstruction. The success of a capsulotomy depends on the accurate identification of the target capsule and the appropriate surgical approach to minimize collateral damage and ensure a favorable outcome.