kapakka

Kapakka is a traditional Finnish percussion instrument that originated among the Sámi people of northern Scandinavia and Russia. The name "kapakka" is derived from the Sámi word *gáppá*, meaning "drum," and is also sometimes referred to as a *gáppá* or *gáppáddj* in Sámi languages. It is a type of frame drum, typically made from a wooden hoop and a stretched animal hide, often reindeer or horse skin. The drum is played with the hands, fingers, or sticks, producing a variety of rhythmic patterns that are integral to Sámi music and cultural ceremonies.

Kapakka drums are often used in both solo performances and ensemble settings, particularly in traditional Sámi joik (chanting) and dance music. They play a key role in rituals such as the *guovvvagge* (winter solstice festival) and other seasonal celebrations. The instrument’s deep, resonant sound complements the melodic and harmonic elements of joik, enhancing the emotional and spiritual dimensions of Sámi musical traditions.

In modern times, kapakka has been incorporated into contemporary Sámi music and fusion genres, blending traditional techniques with new styles. It remains an important symbol of Sámi cultural identity, reflecting the resilience and continuity of Indigenous traditions in the face of historical and cultural changes. The instrument continues to be crafted and played by both traditionalists and younger generations, ensuring its place in Sámi heritage.