kaliumformaat

Kaliumformaat, or potassium formate, is a chemical compound with the formula KHCOO. It is the potassium salt of formic acid. The solid appears as a white crystalline material that is highly soluble in water and stable at room temperature. It is non-volatile and is typically supplied as a dry powder or pellets.

Production and occurrence: Potassium formate is produced by neutralizing formic acid with potassium hydroxide: HCOOH + KOH → KHCOO + H2O. It can also be obtained as a byproduct in processes that involve formate chemistry.

Applications: It is used as a de-icing and anti-icing agent for roads, runways, and other surfaces, offering effectiveness at low temperatures and typically lower corrosivity than chloride-based salts. It is also employed as a buffering agent in chemical manufacturing, in leather and textile processing, and as a reagent in organic synthesis and analytical chemistry.

Safety and handling: Potassium formate has relatively low to moderate acute toxicity and can cause irritation to skin and eyes. Handle with appropriate PPE, including gloves and eye protection, and avoid inhalation of dust. Store in a dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers.

Environmental aspects: It is often marketed as being more environmentally friendly than some traditional road salts due to lower corrosivity and better biodegradability, though disposal should follow local regulations.

See also: formates, formic acid salts, potassium salts.