kaliumcyanide

Potassium cyanide, sometimes referred to by the synonym kaliumcyanide, is an inorganic salt with the chemical formula KCN. It typically appears as white to colorless crystalline solids and is highly soluble in water. In aqueous solution, cyanide ions strongly bind to metal centers and can disrupt cellular respiration in living organisms by inhibiting the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase. This makes potassium cyanide acutely and rapidly toxic.

Industrial production is typically achieved by reacting hydrogen cyanide (HCN) with potassium hydroxide, yielding potassium cyanide and water. The compound is handled as a highly hazardous material and is subject to strict controls in production, storage, and transport.

Primary uses include gold and silver ore processing through cyanide leaching, where cyanide dissolves precious metals for subsequent recovery. It is also employed in electroplating and metal finishing, and serves as a source of cyanide in organic synthesis for the preparation of nitriles and related compounds.

Safety and handling: potassium cyanide is extremely toxic if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Acids or acidic conditions release hydrogen cyanide gas, a rapidly acting poison. It should be stored in tightly closed, labeled containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances such as acids and oxidizers. In case of exposure, medical treatment should be sought immediately. Antidotal options include hydroxocobalamin and, in some protocols, nitrite-based therapies as part of comprehensive supportive care. Disposal and spill response follow stringent regulatory guidelines due to the material’s high toxicity.