kärlstenoser

Kärlstenos, often referred to as arterial stenosis, is a medical condition characterized by the narrowing of an artery. This narrowing is typically caused by atherosclerosis, a process where plaque, composed of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances, builds up on the inner walls of the arteries. As the plaque accumulates, it hardens and restricts the flow of blood to vital organs and tissues.

The symptoms of kärlstenos vary depending on the location and severity of the narrowing. If it affects the arteries supplying the heart, it can lead to angina (chest pain) or a heart attack. Stenosis in the arteries of the brain can cause a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Narrowing in the peripheral arteries, such as those in the legs, can result in claudication, a cramping pain that occurs during physical activity and subsides with rest.

Diagnosis of kärlstenos usually involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic imaging tests. These tests may include ultrasound (Doppler sonography), angiography (using X-rays and a contrast dye), or CT scans. Treatment aims to manage the underlying atherosclerosis, improve blood flow, and prevent complications. This can involve lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes, exercise, and smoking cessation, as well as medications to lower cholesterol, blood pressure, and prevent blood clots. In some cases, surgical or minimally invasive procedures like angioplasty and stenting may be necessary to widen the narrowed artery.