jäämäpitoisuuksien
Jäämäpitoisuuksien refers to the residual concentrations of substances that remain in a material or system after a process of separation, purification, or reaction has occurred. These residues can be unwanted byproducts, unreacted starting materials, or impurities. The measurement and control of jäämäpitoisuuksien are critical in many fields, including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, manufacturing, and environmental science.
In pharmaceutical manufacturing, for example, stringent limits are set for residual solvents, heavy metals, and other
Analytical techniques such as chromatography (e.g., HPLC, GC), mass spectrometry, and spectroscopy are commonly employed to