jäsennystä

Jäsennystä, or parsing, is the process of syntactic analysis of a sentence or text to reveal its grammatical structure. In linguistics and language technology, jäsennys identifies the components of a clause—such as lauseenjäsenet (subject, predicate, object) and modifiers—and shows how they relate to one another. The result is typically a representation such as a parse tree or a dependency graph that encodes both word classes and functional roles.

Finnish jäsennys is especially important because of the language's rich morphology and flexible word order. Analysts examine lauseenjäsenet, case markings, and verbal inflection to determine grammatical roles, especially to distinguish subject from object. Jäsennys is used in language education, corpus linguistics, and natural language processing to enable tasks such as machine translation, information extraction, and syntactic search.

Methods range from manual, rule-based analyses performed with grammars to automated parsing using statistical or neural models. Common representations include phrase structure trees and dependency parses. In computational contexts, jäsennys is integrated with morphological analysis and part-of-speech tagging to produce accurate structures.

Challenges include syntactic ambiguity, ellipsis, and long-distance dependencies that are common in Finnish. Disambiguation often relies on context, semantics, and probabilistic models. See also: parsing, dependency grammar, natural language processing.