järjestysluvuksi

Järjestysluvuksi is a Finnish term that translates to "ordinal number" in English. Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the position or order of an item in a sequence. They answer the question "which one?" rather than "how many?".

In Finnish grammar, ordinal numbers are typically formed by adding suffixes to the cardinal numbers. For example, the cardinal number "yksi" (one) becomes "ensimmäinen" (first), "kaksi" (two) becomes "toinen" (second), and "kolme" (three) becomes "kolmas" (third). Many ordinal numbers follow a more regular pattern, with the suffix "-s" or "-nes" being added to the cardinal number, such as "neljäs" (fourth) from "neljä" (four) and "viides" (fifth) from "viisi" (five).

Ordinal numbers can be declined, meaning their endings change depending on their grammatical case and number, similar to other adjectives in Finnish. For instance, the first person could be referred to as "ensimmäinen henkilö" (nominative case), "ensimmäisen henkilön" (genitive case), or "ensimmäiseltä henkilöltä" (ablative case).

Ordinal numbers are used in various contexts, including dates (e.g., "tammikuun ensimmäinen" - January first), rankings (e.g., "kilpailun toinen sija" - the second place in the competition), and enumerating items in a list. They are a fundamental part of expressing order and sequence in the Finnish language.