jugées

Jugées is the feminine plural past participle of the French verb juger, meaning to judge or to deem. In French, past participles can function as adjectives or as components of compound verb tenses. When used adjectivally, jugée/jugées agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies; for example, une affaire jugée (a decided case) and des affaires jugées (the cases deemed). In legal and formal prose, jugées often appears in phrases like les affaires jugées, referring to cases that have been judged or decided by a court and are typically considered settled.

Etymology and morphology: juger comes from Old French jugier, from Latin iudicare “to judge.” The feminine plural form jugées reflects standard agreement for adjectives derived from past participles in French. The spelling with an accented é marks the pronunciation and aligns with gendered agreement.

Usage notes: Jugées can be used in various syntactic roles. As part of a passive or participial phrase, it describes entities that have undergone judgment, such as les décisions jugées irrégulières or les affaires jugées. In verb tenses, the past participle may also appear in compound forms with être or with avoir when the direct object precedes the participle (e.g., les dossiers que j’ai jugées). The term is most common in legal, administrative, or formal writing, but it also appears in literary contexts to convey that something has been judged or deemed in a particular way.

See also: juger, jugement, juge, justice. In English contexts, jugées translates as “deemed” or “judged,” depending on the syntactic function.