jinými

Jinými is the instrumental plural form of the Czech adjective jiný, meaning "other" or "different." It is used to modify a plural noun in the instrumental case, indicating something done or divided by means of others, or described in terms of other things or people.

Common uses include phrases such as jinými slovy, meaning "in other words," where slovy is the instrumental plural of slovo (word). Other typical expressions are jinými prostředky ("by other means"), jinými lidmi ("with other people"), and jinými způsoby ("by other methods"). In each case, jinými agrees in gender and number with the noun that follows it, while the accompanying noun is in the instrumental plural.

Grammatically, jiný forms as an adjective; its instrumental plural ending is -ými, a pattern that appears with many Czech adjectives in this case. Therefore jinými can pair with masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns in the plural when they are in the instrumental, for example s jinými lidmi, s jinými věcmi, with other people or with other things. The base form jiný is used in other cases and numbers (e.g., jiný muž in the nominative singular), while jinými specifically marks the plural instrumental.

In usage, jinými serves to contrast or redefine elements within a sentence, pointing to alternatives or differences without changing the core meaning of jiný. It is a standard part of Czech descriptive and comparative language.