isotretínóín

Isotretinoin is a medication primarily used to treat severe acne that has not responded to other treatments. It belongs to a class of drugs called retinoids, which are related to vitamin A. Isotretinoin works by reducing the amount of oil produced by the oil glands in the skin, as well as helping to prevent the blockage of pores. It also has anti-inflammatory effects.

The drug is taken orally, usually once or twice a day, for a course of treatment that typically lasts several months. The dosage is determined by the patient's weight and the severity of their acne. Because isotretinoin can cause significant side effects, it is a prescription-only medication and requires close monitoring by a healthcare professional.

One of the most serious side effects associated with isotretinoin is its teratogenic potential, meaning it can cause severe birth defects if taken during pregnancy. Therefore, strict pregnancy prevention measures are mandatory for women of childbearing potential before, during, and after treatment. Other common side effects include dry skin, dry lips, dry eyes, increased sensitivity to sunlight, and muscle or joint pain. Less common but more serious side effects can include changes in mood, depression, and inflammatory bowel disease. Due to these potential risks, isotretinoin is usually prescribed under a special program that includes patient education and monitoring.