isogámia

Isogamia is a type of sexual reproduction in which the gametes (reproductive cells) are morphologically and physiologically similar. This is in contrast to anisogamia, where the gametes are morphologically distinct. Isogamia is commonly observed in unicellular organisms, such as certain algae and protozoa, as well as in some multicellular organisms like certain fungi and plants.

In isogamic organisms, the fusion of gametes typically results in the formation of a zygote, which then undergoes mitosis to produce a multicellular organism. The similarity in gametes allows for a simpler reproductive process, as there is no need for specialized structures or mechanisms to distinguish between different types of gametes.

Isogamia can be further classified into two main types: homothallic and heterothallic. In homothallic isogamia, both mating types are present in the same individual, allowing for self-fertilization. In heterothallic isogamia, individuals are either plus or minus, and fertilization requires the union of gametes from different individuals.

Isogamia is an important reproductive strategy in evolutionary biology, as it allows for genetic diversity and adaptation in populations. It is also a key feature in the study of the origins of sexual reproduction and the evolution of multicellularity.