isiert

isiert is a suffix in German grammar used to form past participles of verbs that end in -isieren and, more broadly, to create adjectives that describe a state resulting from an action. It is closely linked to the noun-forming suffix -isierung, which yields process nouns such as Digitalisierung (digitization) from digitalisieren (to digitize).

Formation and usage

Most verbs with -isieren produce past participles that end in -isiert. Examples include digitalisieren → digitalisiert (to digitize; "das Dokument wurde digitalisiert"), modernisieren → modernisiert (to modernize; "die Infrastruktur ist modernisiert"), and reorganisieren → reorganisiert (to reorganize). The -isiert form also serves as the base for attributive adjectives describing a completed transformation: eine digitalisierte Datei, eine modernisierte Stadt.

Grammatical role

The form -isiert occurs as the participle in compound tenses with haben or sein (e.g., er hat digitalisiert) and in passive constructions (das Dokument wird digitalisiert). As an attributive adjective, it inflects like other participial adjectives: die digitalisierte Datei, das modernisierte Gerät.

Relation to -isierung

While -isiert is the participial adjective/participle form, -isierung is the corresponding noun-forming suffix that denotes the process or result of the action (e.g., Digitalisierung, the act or result of digitizing). The two suffixes are related in that many -isieren verbs produce -isiert participles and -isierung nouns for the same semantic domain.

Origin

The -isieren family of verbs is a productive German formation, largely borrowed and adapted from French -iser, with the participial ending -isiert following standard German participle formation rules. The pattern mirrors similar English -ize/-ized constructions in meaning, though used within German grammar.