intransitivas

In linguistics, an intransitive verb is a verb that does not take a direct object. The core participant of an intransitive predicate is the subject, who undergoes the action or experiences the state. Intransitive verbs can still be accompanied by adverbs and by prepositional phrases that indicate location, time, manner, or direction, but they do not assign a patient object to the verb.

Some verbs are strictly intransitive, such as sleep, arrive, die, go, and occur. Other verbs are ambitransitive: they can be used either intransitively or transitively depending on whether a direct object is present. For example, eat can be eaten intransitively (I eat) or transitive (I eat an apple); open can be intransitive (The door opened) or transitive (She opened the door); break likewise (The glass broke vs He broke the glass).

In many languages, transitivity is a grammatical property of verbs, reflected in morphology, word order, or case marking. Intransitives require no direct object, while transitives license a patient object. Some languages distinguish additional valencies, such as ditransitives that take both a direct and an indirect object, or antipassives that reduce argument structure.

Because transitivity and valency can vary across languages, the classification of a verb as transitive or intransitive can be language-specific. The term intransitives is commonly used in grammars and dictionaries to describe verbs that typically do not take a direct object in the language in question.