intestinales

Intestines, or the intestinal tract, form a continuous tube that processes food, extracts nutrients, and eliminates waste. They extend from the stomach to the anus and are divided into the small and large intestines. The small intestine, about six meters long in adults, comprises the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. It hosts most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption, aided by pancreatic enzymes and bile. The large intestine, about 1.5 meters, includes the cecum, colon, and rectum (the appendix is often considered part of the large intestine). It absorbs water and electrolytes and forms solid waste; the colon also supports a diverse microbiota that contributes to digestion and immune function.

Blood supply comes from the mesenteric arteries; nerves regulate peristalsis and secretions. Lymphoid tissue within the walls supports immune defense.

Common conditions include inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, diverticular disease, colorectal cancer, appendicitis, and bowel obstruction. Infections such as gastroenteritis can affect intestinal function. Diagnosis typically uses endoscopy or colonoscopy, imaging (CT or MRI), stool tests, and biopsy. Treatments are tailored to the condition and may involve dietary management, medications (anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, immunosuppressants, or biologics), and surgery in many cases.

Prevention includes screening for colorectal cancer and adopting a diet and lifestyle that support gut health. The term intestinales is used in several languages to denote things related to the intestines; in English, the words intestines or intestinal refer to the same structures.