insulindeficiency

Insulindeficiency refers to a condition where the body does not produce or effectively utilize insulin, a hormone vital for regulating blood glucose levels. This deficiency leads to hyperglycemia, or elevated blood sugar, as glucose cannot enter cells for energy. The most common cause of insulindeficiency is diabetes mellitus, particularly type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition where the pancreas's beta cells are destroyed, preventing insulin production. Type 2 diabetes, while primarily characterized by insulin resistance, can eventually progress to insulindeficiency as the pancreas becomes less able to compensate. Gestational diabetes, occurring during pregnancy, can also involve a temporary insulindeficiency. Symptoms of insulindeficiency include increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and blurred vision. Without proper management, chronic hyperglycemia can lead to serious long-term complications affecting the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular system. Diagnosis typically involves blood glucose tests, such as fasting plasma glucose or A1C tests. Treatment strategies aim to restore normal blood glucose levels and usually involve insulin therapy, dietary modifications, and regular exercise. Monitoring blood glucose is crucial for managing the condition effectively.