incluyen

Incluyen is the third-person plural present indicative form of the Spanish verb incluir, meaning they include or you all include. It is used with subjects such as ellos, ellas, or ustedes in present-tense statements. The base verb incluir means to contain as part of a group, set, or list, and is commonly used to describe what is encompassed within something, such as a package, a document, or a category.

Etymology and morphology: incluir comes from Latin includere, formed with the prefix in- and the root includere related to closing in or enclosing. In the present tense, incluir is a -uir verb and follows a characteristic pattern: yo incluyo, tú incluyes, él/ella/usted incluye, nosotros incluimos, vosotros incluís, ellos/ellas/ustedes incluyen. The forms typically feature a vowel change and, in several forms, the root shows a y- or i- variation customary for -uir verbs.

Usage notes: Incluyen is used to indicate that multiple items or participants are part of a larger set or category. It can take direct objects, prepositional phrases, and can appear with pronouns or nouns to specify what is included.

Examples:

- El informe incluye varias recomendaciones. (The report includes several recommendations.)

- En el precio se incluyen impuestos. (Taxes are included in the price.)

- Los resultados incluyen a todos los participantes. (The results include all participants.)

See also incluir, Spanish verb conjugation, and -uir verbs.

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