impregnnovaný

Impregnnované is a term used in materials science and construction to describe materials that have been treated with an impregnating substance to improve protective properties. The concept covers wood, textiles, leather, paper and concrete, where the treatment aims to reduce moisture uptake, decay, or chemical attack. The term is commonly used in Czech and Slovak contexts, and may also appear as impregnnované in some sources.

Impregnation uses various substances depending on the material and goal. Wood may be treated with waterborne or solvent-based preservatives and water repellents; textiles with polymeric or fluorochemical finishes; leather with stabilizers and sealants; concrete with hydrophobic silanes or siloxanes. The choice depends on the intended use, required durability, and safety considerations.

Common methods include immersion or padding for textiles and leather, brushing or spraying for surfaces, and aggressive penetration techniques such as vacuum-pressure impregnation for wood and some concrete products. Surface sealing can also be used to form a protective barrier.

Benefits of impregnované materials include increased resistance to moisture, fungi and insects, improved dimensional stability, and extended service life. Drawbacks may include reduced breathability, color changes, higher cost, and potential environmental or health concerns from chemicals. The use and disposal of impregnants are subject to local safety and environmental regulations.

Terminology and standards vary by country. Evaluation typically considers depth of penetration, retention of the impregnant, and performance under specified conditions.