immunofenotírozás

Immunophenotyping, also known as immunofenotyping, is a laboratory technique used to identify and characterize the immune cells present in a sample. This process involves the use of monoclonal antibodies that are specific to various surface antigens on immune cells. These antibodies are labeled with fluorescent dyes or enzymes, allowing for the detection and differentiation of different cell types based on their unique antigen profiles.

The primary goal of immunophenotyping is to provide a detailed characterization of immune cells, which can be crucial for diagnosing and monitoring various immune-related disorders. For example, in hematology, immunophenotyping is used to identify and classify different types of leukemia and lymphoma. It is also employed in transplantation medicine to assess the functionality of immune cells and to monitor the success of immunosuppressive therapies.

The technique can be performed on various types of samples, including peripheral blood, bone marrow, and tissue biopsies. The results of immunophenotyping are typically analyzed using flow cytometry, a method that allows for the simultaneous detection and quantification of multiple parameters in individual cells.

Immunophenotyping plays a vital role in both research and clinical settings, providing valuable insights into the composition and function of the immune system. By enabling the precise identification and characterization of immune cells, this technique contributes to the development of targeted therapies and the improvement of patient outcomes in immune-related diseases.