ilíaco

The term ilíaco refers to anything relating to the ilium, which is the largest of the three bones forming the pelvis. The ilium is a broad, flaring bone that forms the upper and posterior part of the hip bone. It articulates with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint and, with the ischium and pubis, forms the acetabulum, the socket for the head of the femur.

Muscles that attach to the ilium play a significant role in hip and thigh movement. The iliacus muscle, a large, triangular muscle, originates from the iliac fossa and the ilium's inner surface. It then merges with the psoas major muscle to form the iliopsoas, the primary flexor of the hip joint. The gluteal muscles, responsible for hip extension and abduction, also attach to the outer surface of the ilium.

The iliac crest, the prominent upper ridge of the ilium, is a palpable landmark that serves as an attachment point for the abdominal muscles and the thoracolumbar fascia. The iliac fossa, the concave internal surface of the ilium, houses the cecum on the right side and the sigmoid colon on the left side.

Injuries to the iliac region can include fractures of the ilium, often resulting from high-impact trauma. Conditions affecting the iliacus muscle, such as strains or tears, can lead to pain and limitations in hip flexion. The term "ilíaco" is commonly used in anatomical, medical, and biomechanical contexts to describe structures, muscles, nerves, or regions associated with this vital part of the pelvis.