idegsejteknek

Idegsejteknek is a Hungarian term that translates to "nerve cells" or "neurons" in English. These are the fundamental units of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. Neurons are highly specialized cells characterized by their elongated structure, which allows them to conduct electrical and chemical signals over long distances.

The basic structure of an idegsejt includes a cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. Dendrites are branched extensions that receive signals from other neurons. The axon is a single, long projection that transmits signals away from the cell body. At the end of the axon are terminals that form synapses with other neurons or effector cells, such as muscles or glands.

Idegsejteknek communicate through electrochemical signals. When a neuron is stimulated, it generates an electrical impulse called an action potential that travels down the axon. At the synapse, this electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal by the release of neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the next neuron or effector cell, continuing the communication pathway. The complex network of idegsejteknek forms the basis of all nervous system functions, including thought, movement, sensation, and emotion.