hüpokloriidioonid

Hypochlorite ion is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula ClO-. It consists of a chlorine atom covalently bonded to an oxygen atom, with an overall negative charge. The ion is the conjugate base of hypochlorous acid, HClO. Hypochlorite is a strong oxidizing agent and is unstable in acidic solutions, readily decomposing to form chlorine gas and water. It is commonly found in bleach and disinfectant solutions, where its oxidizing properties are utilized to kill bacteria and viruses. The most common hypochlorite salt is sodium hypochlorite, NaClO, which is the active ingredient in liquid household bleach. Other hypochlorite salts, such as calcium hypochlorite, Ca(ClO)2, are also used as disinfectants, particularly in swimming pools. Hypochlorite ions are naturally produced by some marine organisms as a defense mechanism. Their presence in wastewater treatment helps to purify water by oxidizing organic pollutants and killing pathogens. In industrial processes, hypochlorite is used in bleaching textiles and paper. The reactivity of the hypochlorite ion makes it a versatile chemical for a variety of applications, but its strong oxidizing nature also necessitates careful handling and storage.