hüdroksiidiooniga

hüdroksiidiooniga is the Estonian term for the hydroxide ion. The hydroxide ion is an anion with the chemical formula OH⁻. It is formed when a water molecule loses a proton (H⁺). This process, known as autoionization, occurs in pure water to a small extent, resulting in an equilibrium between water molecules, hydrogen ions (or hydronium ions, H₃O⁺), and hydroxide ions.

The hydroxide ion plays a crucial role in chemistry and biology. It is a strong base, meaning it readily accepts protons. Solutions with a high concentration of hydroxide ions are alkaline or basic. The pH scale is used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, with higher pH values indicating a greater concentration of hydroxide ions and thus a more basic solution.

Hydroxide ions are essential for many biological processes, including enzyme function and cellular pH regulation. In industrial applications, they are used in the production of soaps, detergents, and various chemicals. The interaction of hydroxide ions with acids is a neutralization reaction, forming water and a salt. The presence and concentration of hydroxide ions are fundamental to understanding acid-base chemistry.