hátizomzat

The hátizomzat, or dorsal musculature, refers to the group of muscles located on the posterior side of the human torso. This complex network of muscles plays a crucial role in posture, movement, and spinal stability. It is broadly divided into superficial and deep layers.

The superficial muscles of the hátizomzat include the trapezius and the latissimus dorsi. The trapezius, a large, diamond-shaped muscle, extends from the base of the skull down to the mid-back and connects to the shoulder blades. It is responsible for elevating, depressing, and retracting the scapula, as well as extending the head and neck. The latissimus dorsi, a broad, flat muscle covering much of the lower and middle back, is the primary extensor and adductor of the arm and also plays a role in internal rotation.

Beneath these superficial muscles lie the deeper muscles, often referred to as the erector spinae group. This group consists of three columns of muscles: the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis. These muscles run vertically along the spine and are essential for maintaining an erect posture, extending the vertebral column, and acting as powerful back extensors during activities like lifting and bending. Additionally, smaller intrinsic back muscles contribute to fine motor control and segmental stability of the spine. A strong and healthy hátizomzat is vital for preventing back pain and supporting overall physical function.