hooneohutuse

Hooneohutus (building safety) refers to measures and practices that protect people and property inside buildings. It covers structural safety, fire safety, electrical and gas safety, indoor environmental quality, and accessibility. It applies to both new and existing structures across the building life cycle, from design to decommissioning.

Regulatory frameworks include building codes, fire safety rules, accessibility requirements, and periodic inspections enforced by authorities. Standards—national, and where applicable European or international—support compliance and guide safe design, construction, operation, and maintenance.

Key components include ensuring structural integrity; fire safety measures such as detection, alarms, extinguishers, exits, and evacuation plans; safe electrical and gas systems; ventilation and indoor air quality; accessibility; and safe handling of hazardous materials. Regular risk assessments and drills are common.

Responsibilities are shared by owners or managers, designers, contractors, facility staff, workers, and occupants. Professionals like engineers and safety officers provide expertise; authorities issue permits and inspections and enforce penalties for non-compliance. Training and clear communication support ongoing safety.

Challenges include aging stock, climate risks, and the need for continuous monitoring. Trends focus on resilience, energy efficiency, and digital safety management through sensors and data-driven inspections.