hibernáló

Hibernáló is a term used to describe a state of suspended animation or dormancy, primarily in animals, characterized by a significant drop in body temperature, metabolic rate, and heart rate. This physiological state allows animals to survive periods of environmental hardship, such as extreme cold or scarcity of food. The term is derived from the Latin word "hibernare," meaning "to pass the winter."

Animals that hibernate often prepare by accumulating fat reserves, which provide energy during their dormant period. Their breathing becomes shallow and slow, and their body temperature can drop considerably, sometimes to just above freezing. This reduced metabolic activity conserves energy, enabling them to survive for extended periods without eating.

The process of hibernation is not uniform across all species. Some animals enter a state of deep hibernation, while others experience torpor, a shorter and less profound period of reduced activity. Waking from hibernation requires a significant expenditure of energy to raise body temperature back to normal levels. Hibernation is a crucial adaptation for survival in many ecosystems.