hernieuwde

Hernieuwde is the simple past tense form of the Dutch verb hernieuwen, meaning to renew, refresh, or restore something to a previous state. It is used to indicate that a renewal or reaffirmation occurred in the past. The infinitive is hernieuwen, and the past participle is hernieuwd.

Etymology and grammar: the verb is built from the prefix her- (again, anew) attached to nieuw (new). In the past tense, the form hernieuwde is used for singular subjects in the past (ik/hernieuwde, jij/zij/het/hernieuwde, though the exact endings follow standard Dutch past-tense conjugation patterns). The past participle, used with compound tenses, is hernieuwd.

Usage: hernieuwde is commonly found in formal or written Dutch, describing renewed commitments, agreements, interests, or policies. It contrasts with vernieuwen (to renew in a general sense) and with vernieuwd as an adjective meaning renewed. The verb can refer to concrete renewals, such as contracts or licenses, as well as more abstract renewals like interest or enthusiasm.

Examples:

- De overeenkomst werd hernieuwd voor drie jaar.

- Tijdens de vergadering hernieuwde hij zijn toezegging.

- Na de publicatie hernieuwde de belangstelling zich.

See also: hernieuwen, vernieuwen, vernieuwd.

Notes: while similar in meaning, hernieuwen emphasizes a renewal or reaffirmation that reestablishes or extends an existing state, whereas vernieuwen is a broader term for creating something anew. Hernieuwde is specifically the past-tense form and not to be confused with the past participle hernieuwd.