hematologianalysator

A hematologianalysator, or hematology analyzer, is a laboratory instrument used to perform complete blood counts and related hematologic measurements on whole blood. It typically analyzes EDTA-anticoagulated samples and reports parameters such as red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and various indices. Many devices also provide reticulocyte counts and RBC indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW) and may include a differential leukocyte count.

Most modern analyzers combine impedance (the Coulter principle) with flow cytometry, laser light scattering, and sometimes fluorescence to enumerate and classify blood cells. Reticulocyte counts are often obtained with fluorescent dyes, and some models offer immature granulocyte or differential subtyping. Automation enables high-throughput processing and standardized reporting, while some systems can flag abnormal results for manual review.

Operation and interpretation: Samples are processed automatically, and results are reported with reference ranges. Quality control and calibration are performed regularly using control materials. Hematology analyzers are used for routine screening, disease monitoring, and guideline-based testing in clinical laboratories. Reported values are interpreted in the clinical context, and manual smear examination may be requested when results are abnormal or discrepant.

Limitations and considerations: Interferences such as hemolysis, icterus, lipemia, or abnormal cell morphology can affect accuracy. High WBC counts, blasts, or many immature cells can challenge differential accuracy, necessitating manual review. Differences between instrument models and manufacturers can affect reference ranges and results, so laboratories often establish their own validation protocols and harmonize reporting within their workflow.