hapenkonsentraation

Hapenkonsentraation is a term sometimes used in genetics and bioinformatics to refer to the concentration or dominance of haplotype information within a dataset. The expression is not widely standardized in major glossaries and may appear as a local variant or misspelling of related terms such as haplotype concentration.

A common way to quantify hapenkonsentraation uses haplotype frequencies. If p1, p2, ..., pk are the frequencies of k distinct haplotypes in a sample, one definition of hapenkonsentraation is the concentration index C = sum_i p_i^2. This value increases as the distribution becomes dominated by a few haplotypes and ranges from 1/k (for a perfectly even distribution) to 1 (when a single haplotype is present in the entire sample). A related measure is haplotype diversity D = 1 − sum_i p_i^2, which increases with both the number of haplotypes and their evenness.

Applications and interpretation: hapenkonsentraation can be used to characterize population structure, detect founder effects, or assess the concentration of haplotype information in datasets used for association studies, imputation, or forensic analyses. It helps researchers understand how unevenly haplotypes are distributed and how that distribution might influence downstream analyses.

Methods and limitations: accurate estimation requires reliable haplotype frequency data, which depends on phasing quality or family-based information. Results are sensitive to sample size, locus selection, and recombination. Because definitions vary across sources, clear specification of the exact formula is important for comparability.

See also: haplotype, haplotype diversity, allele frequency, population structure.

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